#20 Fat, Ketosis, and Insulin Sensitivity

In this episode, Dr. Grady and Dr. Garrett discuss all things fat. We get into the differences in dietary fat, body fat, and visceral fat. We also go over saturated fatty acids, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega fatty acids, what they all are and what they do for/to the human body. We then touch on the ketogenic diet and how all of this affects insulin sensitivity.

 

PLEASE SUBSCRIBE TO THE PODCAST

For more Diabuddies content follow us on The Diabuddies Podcast Facebook page.

Twitter: @TheDiabuddies

Instagram: @thediabuddiespodcast

You can email us at TheDiabuddiesPodcast@gmail.com

 

Time Stamps:

2:33 - What is basic insulin resistance?

6:00 - How T1D and T2D use insulin differently

9:00 - Efficiency of insulin sensitivity (IS)

12:05 - Markers of IS

13:05 - Lipid Panel and it's relationship to IS

21:15 - C-peptide and other biomarkers of IS

24:07 - Adipose Tissue Threshold Theory

31:12 - Dietary Carbs and Fats

36:30 - Different types of Fats

39:05 - Saturated fats in food vs Saturated fats in the blood

44:47 - Omega 3's and Omega 6's

56:00 - Is ketosis magical?

1:01:50 - Timing of Carbs

1:03:15 - Epilepsy and the brain with keto

1:10:35 - Individualized Nutrition and Medicine

1:17:13 - What really bursts your beta cells?

 

Resources/Links Discussed in the episode:

• Adeva-Adany, M., Martinez-Rodriguez, J., Gonzalez-Lucan, M., Fernadez-Fernadez, C., Castro-Quintela, E., (2019). Insulin Resistance is a cardiovascular risk factor in humans.  Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews; 13(2): 1449-1455. Retrieved at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1871402119300785
• Cox, N., Gibas, S., Salisbury, M., Gomer, J., & Gibas, K., (2019). Ketogenic diets potentially reverse Type II diabetes and ameliorate clinical depression: a case study. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews; 13(2): 1475-1479. Retrieved at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1871402119300189
• Nunes, E., & Rafacho, A., (2017). Implications of Palmitoleic Acid (Palmitoleate) On Glucose Homeostasis, Insulin Resistance and Diabetes. Current Drug Targets; 18(6): 619-628. Retrieved at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26648072/
• Ricci, A., Idzikowski, M., Soares, C., & Brietzke, E., (2020). Exploring the mechanisms of action of the antidepressant effect of the ketogenic diet. Reviews in Neuroscience; ahead of print, https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2019-0073, retrieved at:  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32406387/

• Strandberg, Timo E., et al. “Increased Mortality Despite Successful Multifactorial Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Healthy Men: 40-Year Follow-Up of the Helsinki Businessmen Study Intervention Trial.” The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, vol. 22, no. 8, 2018, pp. 885–891., doi:10.1007/s12603-018-1099-0 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30272088/ 

   

• Vazquez-Jimenez, J., Chavez-Reyes, J., Romero-Garcia, T., … & Olivares-Reyes J., (2016). Cell Signal; 28(1): 59-59. Retrieved at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26475209/
• Xiong, SW., Cao, J., Liu, XM., Deng, XM., Liu, Z., & Zhang, FT., (2015). Effect of modification ROux-enY Gastric Bypass Surgery on GLP-1, GIP, in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Gastroenterology Research and Practice; 625196. Retrieved at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4488585/#:~:text=The%20results%20suggested%20that%20modified,glucose%20of%20patients%20with%20T2DM.
• Volk, B., Kunces, L., Freidenreich, D., … & Volek, J., (2019). Effects of Step-Wise Increases in Dietary Carbohydrate on Circulating Saturated Fatty Acids and Palmitoleic Acid in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome. PLOS ONE; 9(11): retrieved at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0113605